In What Circumstances Can a State Lawfully Resort to the Use of Essay

In What Circumstances Can a State Lawfully Resort to the Use of Military Force in Response to an Attack from a Non-State Actor - Essay Example Understanding the subtleties of the conditions just as how one can react to explicit assaults is basic not just with the mechanics of how to react yet additionally with how this partners with the various impacts which happen when one reacts. This exploration study will research the essential guidelines, special cases and the various laws which make elective mechanics toward reacting from an assault of a non †state entertainer. Legalities of Military Force Article 51 of the United Nations sanction is the fundamental idea that recognizes when one can react to another with self †barrier. In this article, it expresses that in the event that the intrinsic privileges of the individual are assaulted, at that point there is simply the option to respond safeguard toward the non †state on-screen character. In any case, there are likewise ramifications of global harmony and security with the desire that one will go the assault through the UN before starting activity. The need to reestablish and keep universal harmony and security at that point become significant with the self †protection and the manner by which this makes a particular option in contrast to the worldwide needs. While there is simply the capacity to act with gathering or self †safeguard, the idea of universal harmony and security stay as significant when choosing to utilize military power against an individual1. The primary ramifications which permits one to react with self protection is if the methodology is an outfitted assault, which makes one a casualty to the assault. An outfitted assault is comprehensive of a military assault or activity that utilizations power in another state. This likewise incorporates assault with the utilization of weapons, barricades of another express, an assault with military, demonstrations of hostility and soldiers of fortune that are sent to perform military activities. Every one of these occasions makes one become a survivor of the activities and c omprise the option to respond with military power against the other state for self preservation. It is noticed that there are occurrences which don't comprise of military or equipped assaults, including political missions, digital assaults, supplies of money related or knowledge assets or outskirts rates. These don't make one be a casualty of the assault and don't legitimize countermeasures as they are not proportionate with the infringement that happen. There are additionally suggestions that the assault must be toward an area or warships and not toward nationals or representatives as these are not a danger to the self protection of a country2. The utilization of self protection and the legalities which are related with this proceed with the necessities that are met for a response. The first of these is the need, implying that there is no elective methods for change, for example, a settlement or other type of discretion. The second depends on the proportionality. On the off chance that there is another methods for changing the procedure from self protection, at that point the assault must not be revoked and extents should be modified. The need to have promptness is additionally a piece of the guidelines with the understanding that this should be adaptable until there is authorization to push ahead. It ought to likewise be noticed that the moves can't make place except if an activity has just made the state become a casualty. One can't act preemptively before the danger or the assault happens as there isn't a comprehension of

Evolution Of The Global Automobile Industry Marketing Essay

Advancement Of The Global Automobile Industry Marketing Essay By the beginning of twentieth century, the interest for vehicles began developing yet the vehicles were as yet costly, in light of the fact that these vehicles were made and collected with hands. Henry Ford presented the unbelievable Ford Model T which was the start of a period, where even white collar class could possess a vehicle. Just because, Fords Model T presented the idea of Assembly line in the vehicle division. The idea of large scale manufacturing high volume low assortment was brought into center and this was made eternal by the words said by Henry Ford in his Autobiography where he says, Any client can have a vehicle painted any shading that he needs insofar as it is dark. The time after the First World War was known as the vintage time (1919-1930). The First World War was an achievement, as shut body vehicles was placed into creation during the 1920s and the innovation of programmed transmission was first conceptualized in this time. During the extraordinary discouragement in 1930s the quantity of car producers diminished definitely and union in the business occurred. The period 1930-45 was a leeway period, with the exception of interest from military powers for work force transport. After the World War II, enormous scope rehabilatation of war desolated economies occurred and this prompted expanded mechanical action and expanded earnings. The advancement of car division saw various patterns in various nations over the world. America was known for assembling power ridden sumptuous vehicles; Europe was known for assembling conservative vehicles. This was likewise a period when developing degree of world exchange made rivalry from outside producers anoth er reality with which the vehicle firms needed to manage. The cutting edge period of cars (1980-2010) is the time which saw the greatest activity as progressive structures, improved execution and expanded eco-friendliness. The oil stuns in 1973, 1980 and 1990s guaranteed that littler and more eco-friendly vehicles came to remain even in the American market, which was known for its huge vehicles and SUVs. With developing worry the world over about the outcomes of a dangerous atmospheric devation, cars running on elective energizes turned into a reality. The overall business achievement of vehicles running on cleaner advances like Toyota Prius exhibited the confessing all fuel vehicles. VINAY The Global Auto Industry Today Worldwide car center points are situated in different pieces of Europe, America and Asia. Essentially every significant nation has at least one auto center points. The greatest number of car center points is in Europe with United Kingdom having 258 centers, trailed by Romania with 197 and Finland with 83 centers. US of America has 47 auto center points and Detroit in the most well known one. Among Asian nations the two India and china have one center point each. A portion of the significant players in the market and the quantity of vehicles sold by them in the year 2009 Organization No. of vehicles sold Toyota 7,234,439 G.M. 6,459,053 Volkswagen 6,067,208 Portage 4,685,394 Hyundai 4,645,776 Downturn and Auto Industry The worldwide car industry was hit hard by the monetary emergency of 2008-09 and the impacts are as yet being felt on the business and the creation. In December 2008 U.S. car deals dropped by 37% contrasted with before year. The effect was felt on different organizations over the world however major among them were the top auto organizations of the United States in particular for Chrysler, General Motors and Ford which were so hit hard that they applied to be rescued by the United States. The automobile business yearly contributes 3.6% for example 500 billion dollars to U.S.As absolute GDP. This 30% decrease in vehicle deals would mean a direct 1% decline in the yield of the nation. The vehicle business has a complete work of 8.5 lakhs work power into assembling, and 18 lakhs laborers in automobile vendors in USA. In December 2008, the car business introduced an intrigue before the administration for 34 billion dollars bailout bundle to abstain from getting bankrupt. In January 2009, the administration gave out $24.9 billion from the $700 billion of all out bailout subsidize for the Big 3 auto organizations. Battling Recession A portion of the measures taken by different auto organizations and the administration which were fundamental for the endurance were that the legislature in china decreased its car charges to spike hailing deals which really occurred. Seeing the falling creation numbers, SBI decreased its financing costs on vehicle advances in February 2009.In the initial hardly any long periods of 2009, Tata Motors led a far reaching showcasing effort declaring the introduction of the Tata Nano. Nano was named the people groups vehicle, and the Tata Motors trusted that the minimal effort would be a favorable position and intention behind clients to purchase the vehicle despite the credit emergency. In contrast to other people, the South Korean automakers considered it to be a chance. The proceeded with development and achievement of korean organizations is a result of the eco-friendly, well-prepared and reasonable vehicles having guarantees and highlights. This pulled in buyers from over the globe a nd that to at such when there was serious financial downturn, oil costs were raising at a colossal rate and condition was an issue of worry for one and all. In this way South Korean car makers gave a solid rivalry to extravagance vehicles and SUVs which were costly and were from Japan, US and German automobile producers. In Europe deals had diminished definitely and perspectives were communicated to help the car business monetarily, especially in France, Germany and Italy. Interchange auto fills Today observing the progressions occurring on the planet everywhere as far as rising oil and gas costs there is a developing pattern among individuals to go for vehicles which are little and smaller and simultaneously have no trade off with the eco-friendliness and execution. Because of these rising concerns and mindfulness among the individuals with respect to an Earth-wide temperature boost and consumption of petro energizes, auto organizations world over are attempting to utilize substitute fills like Natural gas, Bio diesel and Electric vehicles which are coming up to take into account the requirements of the advanced client. These substitute powers are earth amicable and furthermore extremely effective and prudent than the oil based energizes. ARJUN Advancement of Indian Automobile Industry During the 1940s and 1950s, the industry was portrayed by communist philosophy. The household automobile industry was intensely shielded and outside firms were banned from section. The Indian auto organizations launched their organizations by bringing in know-how from outside firms. Hindustan Motors and Tata Engineering were in the matter of production and offer of intensity excavators, dumpers, pieces of machinery, and scrubbers. The main traveler vehicles produced were the Ambassador by Hindustan Motors and Premier Padmini by Premier Automobiles Ltd. Overwhelming Commercial Vehicles were fabricated by Tata Engineering and Ashok Leyland. The Leyland Comet transport was being utilized by the greater part of the state transport organizations. During the mid 1960s, the green upset development improved the farming in India. The International Tractor Company of India, a joint endeavor between Mahindra and the International Harvester Company, USA; was set up in 1963, during the green upset. The economy was secured, and thus there was no development. The organizations had restricted licenses to deliver merchandise. For example, during the 1970s, to purchase a Bajaj bike; a client needed to sit tight for a long time. It was during the 1980s, the industry was getting used to delicensing in the auto division. These arrangements were instrumental in setting up organizations like Swaraj Mazda, a joint endeavor between Punjab Tractor Ltd., Mazda Motor Corporation, Japan Sumitomo Corporation, Japan. Delicensing expelled the imperatives on yield, sources of info, innovation, and area. This helped plants to use on economies of scale, ideal information blends, and fresher innovations. Residential utilization expanded, because of which the plants were furnished with the vital upgrades to enhance, increment efficiency and improve quality. State intercession need not generally lead to poor outcomes. Maruti Udyog Limited (MUL) had broad help of the administrators. The Government of India helped MUL in issues like import clearances, land buys and decrease of extract taxes. Bureaucratic help in any case, MUL had significant points of interest like economies of scale, first mover advantage, moderateness, financi ng plans and administration systems. Since during the 1970s and 1980s, there was high level of assurance and guideline, the strategies of the 1990s like advancement prompted a blast in the car business. Outside multinationals delivered mechanically predominant merchandise with ensured quality. The residential market turned out to be progressively serious. Hyundai has risen as the second most significant vehicle maker after Maruti Udyog Ltd. (MUL) (SIAM, 2008). Other significant players like Ford, General Motors, Toyota, and so on have additionally entered the Indian Market. Source: http://www.india-reports.com/articles/Auto-Industry-India-Demand-Growth.aspx The diagram shows a sharp increment in deals of cars since 1990s till 2000. The business reacted to the sharp increment sought after through over limit, improved RD offices, trend setting innovation and coordinations. Auto Hubs in India India is said to have three principle center points of car creation. Chennai India was perceived by different organizations as a potential minimal effort base of assembling. One of the first organizations set shop in Quite a while was Hyundai in 1996. It explored for different locales across India and focused in on Chennai. Today it produces 6,00,000 vehicles consistently. There are numerous different organizations in the car segment that are available in and around Chennai. Some conspicuous organizations are: Ashok Leyland Caparo gathering Portage BMW Daimler Mitsubishi Hindustan engines Nissan Renault Regal Enfield The variables that made

5 Ways Your Phone Can Help You Write Your College Essay - College Essay Advisors Admissions Essay Experts

5 Ways Your Phone Can Help You Write Your College Essay - College Essay Advisors Admissions Essay Experts 5 Ways Your Phone Can Help You Write Your College Essay 5 Ways Your Phone Can Help You Write Your College Essay We know. Your phone is basically magic. You can connect with your friends instantly! You can order 500 pizzas! And Snapchats WHERE DO THEY GO?! But we bet you didn’t know that your phone â€" smart or standard â€" has a number of basic features that can make a world of difference to your admissions-essay-writing success and productivity. When youre having trouble getting started and dont know where to turn for college essay help, here are five essential ways your phone can help you hack the college essay. Block out your schedule. Obviously you’d write everyday if only you had the time. But you do! Block out 20-30 minute chunks in your schedule a few days a week. Pick times when you know you’d normally be binge-watching X-Files or otherwise available, and set reminders. When that notification comes through, drop what you’re doing and keep this promise to yourself. Set timers. When you sit down to write, remember that you don’t have to write forever. You don’t even have to write until you come up with an idea you like (since â€" spoiler â€" that probably won’t happen on the first try). Set yourself a 10-20 minute time limit for continuous writing. Just crank out and cram in as many ideas as you can think of, especially when you’re at the earliest brainstorming phases of the application process. Set alarms. When was the last time you checked in with yourself? How often do you tap into what you’re feeling in the moment (not as expressed through the Earlybird filter)? Setting hourly alarms on your phone can be a great way to remind yourself to check in, look at the world around you, and jot down a few notes about what is going well (or not so well) and those goals and aspirations you were just daydreaming about. Take photos. Even if you already do this, even if you already have a gajillion Instagram followers, it’s time to start compiling photos of the things that matter to you. The more images you collect, the easier it will become for you to start to build connections between your passions, values, and goals. Use one of your time-constrained freewrites to write about a particularly beloved shot or two. Record yourself. Sometimes you come up with a super brilliant idea AND NO PENS ARE IN SIGHT. Sometimes you just don’t feel like writing. NOT TO WORRY. Just leave yourself a quick voice memo to come back to later. And that’s everything you need your phone to do! No apps required! At the end of the day, your greatest power is your own authentic voice. About Thea HogarthView all posts by Thea Hogarth » In need of more help? Give College Essay Academy a Try. WATCH CHAPTER 1 FOR FREE »

Causes of the Revolutionary War DBQ - 1077 Words

Ryan Hsin 10/17/14 US History Period 2 Causes of the Revolutionary War DBQ A great things started somewhere. For a powerful, free, and role model country like the United States of America started somewhere. The journey of our storied revolution and transformation to one of the world’s premier powers have its roots derived from Great Britain. Unjust colonial rules implanted by the King of England acted as the catalyst for revolution amongst the colonies. Once a happy family, key events triggered discussion about possible separation from the harsh rule of the mother country. The citizens of the 13 colonies were justified in rebelling from Great Britain due to the act of numerous grievances committed by the King, mistreatment and abuse by†¦show more content†¦They created the Olive Branch Petition, which proposed that the 13 colonies continue to remain with England but not pay the unjust taxes to the parliament. The congress sent this as confirmation of allegiance to the King but not the parliament. This was immediately rejected, letting us know that even after a confirmation of allegiance, if they didn’t follow his rules then he was unwilling to accept it. It was a true characteristic of a tyrant, and his behavior was uniformly unpopular throughout the colonies. At this point, independence was inevitable. The colonists were outraged and began to secretly form militia to counter the English troops. Propaganda against the King corralled the volunteer soldiers, later know as Patriots, boosted the morale of each other as they rose up and were confident that they can make a difference. In the Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking up Arms issued by the Second Continental Congress on July 5, 1775, justifies the violence and actions that the militiamen took at the skirmishes of Lexington and Concord. It reads, â€Å"The British declare that parliament can of right make laws to bind us in all cases whatsoever†¦We are reduced to the alternative of choosing an uncondition al submission to the tyranny of irritated British officials, or resistance by force, The latter is our choice.† Essentially, Thomas Jefferson and John Dickenson (the authors of this article)Show MoreRelatedEssay on Dbq Causes of Revolutionary War726 Words   |  3 Pagesauthority over the colonies â€Å"in all cases whatsoever†, the Americans felt threatened and had to resist by force. Document 6 Why was Paine unwilling to be reconciled with Britain? Paine was unwilling to be reconciled with Britain because it brought war into the land. Was Paine an objective and unbiased reporter? Explain. Paine was not an objective and unbiased reported because he was going against the king. Document 7 How does this document describe King George? This document describes King GeorgeRead MoreAp Exam Essays1660 Words   |  7 PagesNew England colonies from 1630 through the 1660s? 2. Analyze the political, diplomatic, and military reasons for the United States victory in the Revolutionary War. Confine your answer to the period 1775–1783. 3. Analyze the ways in which controversy over the extension of slavery into western territories contributed to the coming of the Civil War. Confine your answer to the period 1845–1861. 4. Analyze the roles that women played in Progressive Era reforms from the 1880s through 1920. FocusRead MoreJust Whatever1974 Words   |  8 PagesA P European History Test Prep DBQ Free Response Questions For DBQ’s Always: 1. Provide an appropriate, explicitly stated thesis that directly addresses all parts of the question and does NOT simply restate the question. 2. Discuss a majority of the documents individually and specifically. 3. Demonstrate understanding of the basic meaning of a majority of the documents. 4. Support the thesis with appropriate interpretations of a majority of the documents. 5. Analyze point of view or bias in atRead MoreEssay on Development of the American Identity Between 1750 and 1776919 Words   |  4 PagesKeum Yong (Andrew) Lee DBQ – Score 8/9 (95) In what ways and to what extent did the â€Å"American identity† develop between 1750 and 1776? Though the American colonists had not achieved a true, uniform sense of identity or unity by 1776, on the eve of Revolution, the progress towards unity and the inchoate idea of an â€Å"American† between 1750 and 1776 is inevitable in both existence and significance. Previous to the French and Indian War, America as a whole had been, more or less, loyal mercantile-basedRead More1985 Dbq904 Words   |  4 PagesDBQ 1985 The colonists were living in a brand new country that had no track record. Considering that the articles of confederation had no precedent to follow, and no other government to imitate; the articles were fairly good. However, the Articles of Confederation could have been more effective than they were. Effective does not necessarily mean that the government was strong. It does mean that the government was able to provide the people with the kind of government they wanted andRead MoreBoyer Dbq Teacher Guide10764 Words   |  44 PagesUsing the DBQ Practice Questions from The Enduring Vision, Sixth Edition A Teachers’ Guide Ray Soderholm Minnetonka High School Minnetonka, Minnesota Using the DBQ Practice Questions from The Enduring Vision, 6th Edition A Teachers’ Guide This guide is intended to suggest some possible ways that students may organize essays related to the document-based questions in the Advanced Placement version of The Enduring Vision, 6th Edition, and to provide teachers with some information on each includedRead MoreDBQ for AP US History Essay2093 Words   |  9 Pages3. How did the treatment of Americans by British officers and the military, during the war, contribute to simmering resentment against the mother country? Do the attitudes and behavior of the colonists during the war suggest that Americans felt less real patriotic loyalty to Britain and that the ties had become largely practical ones? The way the British officers treated the Americans during the revolutionary led to the Americans having even more reason to want to rebel, yes by this time AmericaRead MoreHistory 9th Grade2275 Words   |  10 Pagesof economic prosperity 5.) to come alive again/be reborn 6.)Soteriology goal 7.)Denoting the generation or generations after the parental generation. 8.)karma and reincarnation 9.) 10.)He masterminded Athenian strategy in the Peloponnesian War. 11.)son of Phillip ruler of Greece 12.)a city state 13.)A citadel or fortified part of an ancient Greek city, typically built on a hill. 15.)A form of government with a monarch at the head. 16.)A form of government in which power is held byRead MoreAmerican Revolution Dbq5241 Words   |  21 PagesAmerican Revolution DBQ AP US History Mr. Hodgson Question From the late 1760s to July 4,1776, American colonists moved from merely protesting the decisions of King and Parliament to a Declaration of Independence and a Revolutionary War to overthrow that authority. Using both your own knowledge and the documents provided, identify and discuss the turning points which marked this changing relationship. Document A Document B SOURCE: George Hewes, 1773 - Firsthand

The Design Of A Constitution Of Any Country Will Impact...

The design of a constitution of any country will impact their politics and society. The impact that it has depends on say, whether that country has a democratic regime or an authoritarian regime and how the institutions that are stated in the constitution are organised for example the government, the legislature, the electoral system, the party system and so on. This piece of academic writing will demonstrate how. How can one describe a constitution? A constitution can be written or unwritten. Written constitutions are entrenched, meaning that if something in the constitution needs to be amended, it would be difficult to do so. For example after the gun incidents in America, some of society has urged the gun laws to be changed however they are still the same. An unwritten constitution in contrast is more flexible and can be changed if needed for example in the UK, gun laws have changed numerous times. Lastly it states the principles of a country, which everyone must accept and follow and it helps establish how that country is to be ruled or governed. A constitution is a necessity to a country because without one there would simply be chaos and anarchy. In addition, ‘as power tends to corrupt, we need to be protected from those in government, and this protection is provided by a constitution’ (Heywood, 2011a p.167). To show how the organisation of the government and legislature that is stated in the design of a constitution can impact the politics and society of a country,Show MoreRelatedThe Design Of A Constitution Of Any Country Has Impacts On Politics And Society2625 Words   |  11 PagesThe design of a constitution of any country has impacts on their politics and society. The impact that it has depends on say whether that country has a democratic regime or an authoritarian regime and how the institutions that are stated in the constitution are organised for example the government, the legislature, the electoral system and the party system and this piece of academic writing will demonstrate how. How can one describe a constitution? 1) A constitution can be written or unwrittenRead MoreA Constitution Of Any Country Will Impact Politics And Society2610 Words   |  11 Pagesthat the design of a constitution of any country will impact their politics and society. The impact that it has depends on say, whether that country has a democratic regime or an authoritarian regime and how the institutions that are stated in the constitution are organised for example the government, the legislature, the electoral system, the party system and so on and this piece of academic writing will demonstrate how. A constitution can be written or unwritten. Written constitutions are entrenchedRead MoreA Project On Civic Rights Education1676 Words   |  7 Pagesfor the award of any Degree or diploma/ associateship/fellowship and similar project if any. [YOUR NAME] [ENROLMENTNO]] CERTIFICATE FROM THE SUPERVISOR ACKNOWLEDGEMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES EXECUTIVE SUMMARRY CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Context Information Nepal is one of the country in South Asia. As a country, Nepal is dividedRead MoreThe Country Faced During Independence2061 Words   |  9 Pagesgrown to become part of the political organization in the Kenyan politics. Among the major challenges which the country faced during independence included access to resources for instance land also the problem of ethnicity which have had an influence in the politics of the country. It is important to note that the â€Å"centralized state† in Kenya has enhanced ethnicity in the country. Up to the inauguration of the 2010 constitution, it is worth to note that the President as well as the ruling politiciansRead MoreGeorge Washington And The Era Of The American Revolution1569 Words   |  7 Pages A Freemason is â€Å" a member of a major fraternal organization called Free and Accepted Masons or Ancient Free and Accepted Masons that has certain secret rituals†. George Washington was one of the American elites to join the Freemasonry society, their intentions weren t to better themselves but to mimic the â€Å"English gentill behavior†, even though the organization actually ending up contributed to the development of the American Revolution. Through the start of this organization George WashingtonRead MoreThe Rise of Western Culture and Economy in Japan After World War Ii1581 Words   |  7 Pages3); the Westernization of Japanese cult ure and economy soon became apparent in the integration of modern means of production coupled with a traditional aesthetic. Through isolation, a country denies itself the opportunity for monetary growth, thereby stunting its culture by denying influences from other countries. Meiji leaders studied and adopted a Prussian-style government-directed capitalistic system that gave the government a significant role in determining what is produced, as well as powerRead MoreThe Constitution : Heart Of A Governing Body3215 Words   |  13 PagesDeJuan Isaiah Ms. Terry English 12 27 October 2014 The Constitution: Heart of a Governing Body What makes politics so important to the United States? When hearing the word â€Å"politics†, the president and first family are generally what comes to mind. Of course the president plays an important role but there are lots of other key factors that contribute to politics. There are three branches of government, each with its own special and specific role. The legislative branch writes and creates laws, theRead MoreThe Tension Between National Security And Individual Privacy1213 Words   |  5 Pagesdevice to facilitate the search for information about the killers. Apple swiftly refused and after several weeks of back and forth, the FBI filed a case against Apple (Nakashima April 2016). This case garnered significant national attention due to the impact the ruling could have on the government, private companies, and everyday consumers. And while this case was filed in the United States, and a ruling would be applicable to only United States jurisdiction, the rest of the wor ld is looking to the URead MoreWhy Did Political Parties Spring Up in the United States in the 1790s?2165 Words   |  9 PagesWithin this time the political scope of the United States of America expanded hugely, giving birth to the politics in which we see in America even to this present day. This essay will tackle the many aspects of the development of political parties; from the economic plans adopted by Alexander Hamilton, which forged America’s first bank in 1791, to the ways in which Americans viewed the Constitution put in place in 1789 causing the birth of Federalist and Republican attitudes throughout the United StatesRead More Impact of Law Changes on Tourism Industry Essay1658 Words   |  7 PagesThis essay will discuss how recent changes in the law may impact the tourism industry, as it is extremely vulnerable when it comes to these emendations in regulations and that is why politics contributes to these impacts. Governments introduce different laws and regulat ions which every individual and business must follow or adapt to, organisations often have to change the way they operate due new policies, and these alterations cost a lot of capital and if they fail to follow the rules, organisations

Come on work Free Essays

Literary Analysis and Composition Semester finals Agenda Complete part 1 of the finals in the quiz manager. Review answers for part 1 as a means to review for part 2. Review best practices for answering the part 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Come on work or any similar topic only for you Order Now Surprise Semester final, Part 1 There are 15 questions on this part of the test. I will give you 22 minutes to complete the test. Do your best but don’t linger on a question long. If you don’t know the answer take a guess and move on. Part 2 Question 1: Consider the events of Shakespearean Macbeth and the attest of the title character and his wife. Which character?Macbeth or Lady Macbeth?deserves more blame for their fall? Which character is more influenced by the other? Which character suffers more? Justify your responses with examples from the text. Write at lease five sentences. Step 1: Pick a character, Macbeth or Lady Macbeth. Step 2: Describe why the character you chose deserves more blame for their fall. Step 3: Describe how your character is more influenced by the other character. 2 Step 4: Describe why your character suffers more. Make sure to use examples for all of these. Question 2: Consider the conflict faced by the protagonist in one of the novels that you read this semester. In a response of no less than three paragraphs, explain this conflict, its development, and how the protagonist deals with it, as well as how the conflict is ultimately resolved. Include examples from least five sentences. Step 1: Pick a character from the novel you read. The text in your response where appropriate. Write at Step 2: Identify and explain your character’s conflict and how that conflict develops. Step 3: Explain how your character deals with that conflict and how it is resolved in the end. Make sure to use examples. Surprise!! If you have a 90% or higher in the course you are exempt from the part 2 (if you are watching this recording you must take the part 1). If you have a 75 – 89% in the course you may choose one of the two part 2 questions and answer only that question. Next Week All finals are due by Thursday, May 22nd at midnight. No C but Ms. Bianca and I will hold one 2 hour tutor stay. How to cite Come on work, Papers

Challenges we face today free essay sample

Challenges we face today in the 21st century are youths not preparing for a productive adult hood. Many youth dont make it in life because they dont have a post – secondary education. Obama had a speech saying â€Å"tonight I ask every American to commit to at least one year or more of higher education or career training† because nowadays most job required a post – secondary education. Jobs are getting advance and the need for skilled professional are in demand but young adults dont fulfilled the expectation. United State education system is falling behind, youth arent finding employment. No one wants to hire someone who isnt ready for the task. Post – secondary education is youre ID to get hired in any field you choose to be. All the reports, all the reasons we still have failed to take action. Getting a post – secondary education should be a primary task. We will write a custom essay sample on Challenges we face today or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the workforce today it’s important to have a higher education because if you dont you wont have a chance against the person next to you. By having a little more higher education then the next person can earn you more money and live a better lifestyle. If money concerns you, then you need a post-secondary education because future jobs required post- secondary education. The demand for higher education is continuing to increase. Even if jobs are available they are filled by people with post- secondary education. Even blue collar field type of jobs required some post-secondary education. Employers complain that youth are not prepared because they don’t have communication skills, critical thinking, and not being professional. It is important to have both hard and soft skills. Since the labor market is so tough it’s hard to complete without a post – secondary education. Since teens are unable to find jobs they are getting into trouble with the law and most of them are low incomes or minority. Right now the percent of working young adults are at its lowest point. Where ever you go education will always play an important role in your life. Post high school training is necessary to help increase the employment rate. Post- secondary education will help United State move forward.

Private Military Contractor Essays - Private Military Contractors

Private Military Contractor By: Justin Hanson History of the career. During the cold war president Eisenhower fought a fight in Vietnam to battle against the communism ideas and so he hired people to fight for him so private military companies took the opportunity. Since the years past the companies have been getting bigger and bigger. People in this career There is approximately 10 military personnel in the united states to 1 of the private military employees. Some trends of employment is that you have to have a background of combat training of sorts. This job is mostly located in Afghanistan and Iraq but it can be anywhere they want you. Duties of this career You get put into dangerous places to restore order and peace while getting paid a lot. For example you could be tasked with guarding a government building in a city in Afghanistan that has been targeted by the enemy. You get paid according to every day you are deployed out in the field. Qualifications Military background or training of the kind is key. Male or female Good physical condition You have to be able to react quickly to anything that could go wrong. You have to be able to prepare for the worst. A High school education is required The most common way to get into this career is to join the military and serve a few years and then join the private military. My plan Graduate Highschool Join the Marines for 8 years Join the private military company blackwater and be a defensive marksman. Related Fields Marines Army Navy Air force National Guard Being Rambo Finding a job in this career Some companies that hire private military contractors in the us are Academi (blackwater) ICTS International Northbridge Services Group Triple Canopy Prosegur Aegis Defense Services Earnings Instead of getting paid by the hour you get paid by every day you deploy to do something. Beginning salary: 180,000 a year Average salary: 225,000 a year Exceptional salary: 370,000 a year Nature of the job Some benefits I would gain by working at his job would be Exceptional marksman skills with weapons Good physical condition Strong mind Career Advancement Getting a career advancement is this career is seeming to be kind of easy. All you need to do is take the proper classes and meet the requirements and then you can apply to get a better paying or different job that you want to work. Reflection I definitely would want to work in this career for a while because with an average salary I would be retired at 50 with a well of amount of money to spend on Toys that I want to buy.

Free Essays on Sonny Blues

In James Baldwin’s 1957 Story, â€Å"Sonny Blues,† Which Character, The Narrator Or Sonny, Went Through The Most Significant Transformation In The Effort To Seek A Common Ground As Brothers? In James Baldwin’s story, Sonny Blues,† the narrator, Sonny’s brother, went through the most significant transformation in the effort to seek a common ground as brothers. The brothers faced many struggles, because Sonny was not able to express himself to the narrator. The narrator is the eldest and was given the charge by his mother before she died of protecting his brother Sonny. He unsure how to do this became more of disapproving father-figure than the understanding brother Sonny needed. Unfortunately for both communication had never been easy in their family. Sonny who has a love for music wants to be a musician and his brother laughs at him for it. He tries telling his brother what to do and that only pushes Sonny away. Being eight years older, the narrator never really understood Sonny’s obsession for music and its importance to him. The difference in age contributed to a difference in opinion on what was right for Sonny. Neither brother seemed to know how to handle their own feelings, the situation between them worsened. When the elder brother realized that he could not get sonny to conform to his ideas of what was right, and Sonny felt that his dreams were not being taken seriously by his brother, the brothers had grown further apart, and had nearly given up on each other. Sonny had fallen victim to drugs and was arrested. Painfully the narrator finds out about this in the newspaper. Despite the narrators suspicions and obviousness of the fact it was to hard for him to conceive. He felt guilty that he had let down his promise to his mother. After Sonny’s rehabilitation the two finally started making up for lost time. I believe the healing in the... Free Essays on Sonny Blues Free Essays on Sonny Blues In James Baldwin’s 1957 Story, â€Å"Sonny Blues,† Which Character, The Narrator Or Sonny, Went Through The Most Significant Transformation In The Effort To Seek A Common Ground As Brothers? In James Baldwin’s story, Sonny Blues,† the narrator, Sonny’s brother, went through the most significant transformation in the effort to seek a common ground as brothers. The brothers faced many struggles, because Sonny was not able to express himself to the narrator. The narrator is the eldest and was given the charge by his mother before she died of protecting his brother Sonny. He unsure how to do this became more of disapproving father-figure than the understanding brother Sonny needed. Unfortunately for both communication had never been easy in their family. Sonny who has a love for music wants to be a musician and his brother laughs at him for it. He tries telling his brother what to do and that only pushes Sonny away. Being eight years older, the narrator never really understood Sonny’s obsession for music and its importance to him. The difference in age contributed to a difference in opinion on what was right for Sonny. Neither brother seemed to know how to handle their own feelings, the situation between them worsened. When the elder brother realized that he could not get sonny to conform to his ideas of what was right, and Sonny felt that his dreams were not being taken seriously by his brother, the brothers had grown further apart, and had nearly given up on each other. Sonny had fallen victim to drugs and was arrested. Painfully the narrator finds out about this in the newspaper. Despite the narrators suspicions and obviousness of the fact it was to hard for him to conceive. He felt guilty that he had let down his promise to his mother. After Sonny’s rehabilitation the two finally started making up for lost time. I believe the healing in the...

A critical review of one other poster Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A critical review of one other poster - Essay Example Significant adoption and implementation of business expansion and business operation strategies in several countries helped the organization to increase its overall market share. On the other hand, Volkswagen can be considered as one of the leading automobile manufacturers and distributors in global market places. Both these organizations are strong brand names within the respective industries in this global market place. Volkswagen entered into the emerging Indian market in the year 2011. Since then the organization adopted and implemented several unique business operation strategies in order to attain significant growth rate in Indian market. The demand for both fuel efficient and luxury automobiles has significantly increased among the Indian customers in the beginning of 21st century. Most importantly, demand for fuel efficient cars drastically increased among the Indians due to their price sensitive mentality (Kotler, 2008, p.59). The management of Volkswagen understood this demand quite significantly. They introduced vehicles in India under the big brand names, such as Skoda, Audi, Bentley and Lamborghini. This strategy helped the organization to gain huge brand image in India. Therefore, this business operation strategy can be considered as one of Volkswagen’s major strengths in Indian market. Innovative marketing, brand awareness strategy, product innovation and innovative business ope ration process can be considered as its other major strengths. Effective capitalization on vehicle financing opportunity helped Volkswagen to arrange sufficient financial resources in Indian market. In addition to this, capitalization of advanced technological resources and eco-friendly business operation practices helped Volkswagen to gain positive brand image in Indian market. Adaptation and implementation of these strategies helped Volkswagen to enhance its

Oil and Gas Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Oil and Gas - Essay Example This could be described by a comparative analysis between a China, a developing economy and Russia, a developed economy. Diamond Theory The management of the global completions by the oil capitals can be explained with the management theory and the international competitiveness of Countries also called the ‘Diamond Theory’. The Diamond theory was advanced by Porter in 1990 to explain the competitive advantages of nations (Woolsey and Korin, 2008). The main focus of the theory was to find why some countries are more successful in particular industries than others. Four classes of country attributes were identified by Porter, which were called the National Diamond. These attributes provide the conditions underlying for the determination of the nation competitive advantage of a nation. These are the company strategy, structure and rivalry, related and support industries, demand conditions and factor conditions. Government policy and chance are two other factors that donâ₠¬â„¢t create lasting competitive advantages but support and complement the system of national competitiveness (Aberdeen City Council and Aberdeen shire Council, 2001). The role of government as a stakeholder seeks to strengthen local capabilities for innovation in China and Russia using the Diamond Theory- The success of government in the Oil and Gas industry in Russia and China can be explained by Diamond Theory. Four classes of country attributes providing the conditions underlying for the determination of the nation competitive advantage of a nation were identified by Porter, also called the National Diamond are: 1. The company strategy-The Chinese government took the decision to restructure the petroleum and petrochemical industry in 1998 using the upstream and downstream principles of integration. As a result Foundation of CNPC and Sinopec took place. The merger of CNOOC Limited with CNOOC, PetroChina Company Limited with CNPC, China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation to Sinopec, were successfully founded. A crucial role is played by the Oil and gas industry in the political and economic development of Russia. Russia’s energy sector accounts for approximately 66% of its exports. The GDP contribution of the oil and gas sector is 30% of its GDP and 50% of the revenue generated from Federal Budgets. (Feng, Lianyong and et al. 2013) 2. The structure and rivalry- On the basis of launch of four exploration fields including, marine, overseas, eastern and western regions, oil reserves and output steadily increased in China. A high level annual increase of 100 million tons was seen from proven Chinese oil geological reserves. In the beginning of the 21st century, a major challenge was presented to the Russian Government due to the dramatic increase in the value of oil and gas resources of Russia, greater state intervention in the economy and increased budgetary revenues were followed by the increased prices of the resources. With the increased dependency on t he energy sector in Russia as a result of the economic crisis of 2008-2009, the state-capitalist model was developed. (Sharples, 2012) 3. The

Importance Of Faith And Prayer In Islam Religion Essay

Importance Of Faith And Prayer In Islam Religion Essay The quotation from the course textbook (page 225) gives tremendous significance to faith and rituals of the Islamic culture, both of which are greatly highlighted in the holy book of Quran. The main source where Muslims gain an enormous amount of faith is from reading the holy book of Quran. One must fully believe and understand the messages written in the Quran to have complete faith in it as a Muslim individual because without faith, performing those rituals are useless. For centuries, the Quran has been preserved in its original form as it was first revealed to Prophet Mohammad (P.B.U.H). Any slight change in it can be easily detected, since over the years, the Quran has been memorized by millions of Muslims all over the world. The originality of the holy book for over a decade is a huge fascination on its own. Since its original script is from God, the Quran is able to hold a great extent of value in the hearts of its followers. The term religious rituals, as explained in our text are basically repeated actions or words that connect an individual to God. The religious rituals in Islam are a few in numbers, but each hold great importance to Muslims. The quote from the text reminds Muslims to keep up with prayers. The ritual of prayer, known as Salat, is the second of the five Pillars of Islam. These five pillars are the five practices that every Muslim is encouraged to perform throughout their life by the holy book of Quran. The ritual of Salat is a distinctive mark of a true believer. This ritual, performed five times during the day, provides a Muslim individual with direct communication with the Creator, the Almighty. The religious ritual of prayer is essential to all Muslims. An individual performs a ritual ablution (wadu), before each prayer, to be in a state of purity. Praying five times provides Muslims with a sense of punctuality in their everyday lives. An individual carries out a prayer in order to praise and admire God for his benevolence. Prayer gives one an opportunity to ask for forgiveness for all the misdeeds committed and also to ask the Almighty to guide him/her in the straight/ right path. As described in the Hadith, one of the sayings of Prophet Mohammad (P.B.U.H) relates prayer to the convenience of having a stream flowing outside ones door. If an individual could easily bathe in this flowing stream of water five times during the day, he/she will have no filth left on him/her. Likewise, praying five times daily washes away ones sins. This repeated performance of the ritual keeps everyone remembering and fearing God throughout the day. The quote from the text refers to highly important claims and one cannot help but agree with them. Reciting the Quran and keeping up with prayers are the key factors that keep a Muslim connected to Allah, the greatest. Remembering the power of Almighty several times during the day is beneficial in endless number of ways such as keeping an individual away from evil or committing misdeeds and reserving a place in the afterlife (Jannah). These benefits clearly link the ritual of prayer with morality. The term morality, as defined in the text, is a set of norms designed to regulate and govern the conduct of humans. Religious rituals, on the other hand, help keep an individual connected to God and following in the path of guidance of the divine being. Prayer requires complete submission of an individuals mind and soul to the Ultimate. It reminds everyone that the Creator, the Almighty owns everything, including the Day of Judgment. Praying is not done by choice, but is rather obligatory s tarting at the age of seven. The religious ritual of praying can be seen as a true sign of having faith and the quote from the text greatly helps to signify its importance as mentioned in the Quran.

Do You Prefer to Eat Out or at Home Essay

Some people prefer to eat at food stands or restaurants while others prefer to prepare and eat food at home. I have a predilection of eating food at food stands and restaurants because there is a lot of variety of food, the food is cooked and prepared more professionally and it helps in giving a change in the atmosphere. In restaurants, there is so much variety of food to choose from while at home it is always the same kind of food. Whenever I go to a restaurant, I can choose my food from burgers to Asian food. In a restaurant, one can order whatever one likes without having to go through the trouble of cooking. When I feel like eating a burger or an Italian dish or some complex dish, all I have to do is go to a restaurant. On the other hand, at home there is no diversity of food and I have to eat the same types of food everyday. Food cooked and prepared at home is never as tasty as food in restaurants. In restaurants food is made very efficiently. Once I ate pizza at home but it was no way near the delicious pizza at the restaurants. Not only that, when my sister eats at home she always complains that either the food is too spicy or not salty enough. In contrast, at food stands and restaurants the food is perfect with the right amount of spice and salt. Food in restaurants is delicious and cannot be compared to the food made at home. Eating everyday at home becomes very drab and dull. Furthermore it takes away the opportunity for an outing. However, eating in a restaurant changes the dreary environment to a cheerful and delightful one. When my sister and I eat at home, we lose our appetite at times because of eating the same thing daily in the same place. But eating in a restaurant gives us the opportunity to explore new places and new foods. I prefer food at food stands and restaurants more than food prepared food at home because it is tastier, I can eat whatever I please and I can have some outing. Without restaurants, there would be no enjoyment and the world would lose the opportunity of experiencing and exploring all sorts of foods from all over the world.

Biomedical and Biopsychosocial models of care Essay

Competing views of the human body as either a biological phenomena or a complex microcosm borne of its environment, have provided the basis for the development of two different models of care: the biomedical model, and the recovery-based psychosocial model. The model of care adopted by care providers heavily influences the nature of the treatment given, and the trajectory of a patient’s journey through illness, to wellness. Historically, the biomedical model of care has been the foundation of Western medicine, and has remained largely unchallenged as the dominant model of care used in the delivery of psychiatric treatment. It is practiced with a focus on disease, pathology, and ‘cure’. The emergence of the biopsychosocial model (Engel, 1977) and psychosocial rehabilitation has provided the mental health arena with an effective alternative to the biomedical model. With an approach that is person-centred and recovery focused, it aligns with contemporary attitudes about mental disorders having their origins and impacts in a social context. This paper will critically analyse and compare the benefits and limitations of both models of care, through an exploration of three key areas: (i) empowerment/disempowerment of the patient, (ii) implications for nursing practice, and (iii) outcomes. In psychiatry, the biomedical model emphasises a pharmacological approach to treatment, and supposes that mental disorders are brain diseases caused solely, or by a combination of chemical imbalances, genetic anomalies, defects in brain structure, or neurotransmitter dysregulation (Deacon, 2013). This supposition makes up one side of a Descartian divide that exists between biological psychiatry and a biopsychosocial approach to mental health care. Engel (1977) viewed the biomedical model as ‘reductionist’, and posited that it neglected the social, psychological and behavioural dimensions of illness. He proposed a biopsychosocial model that takes into account ‘the patient, the social context in which he lives, and the complementary system devised by society to deal with the disruptive effects of illness’ (p. 131). It is within this biopsychosocial framework, that  recovery-focused psychosocial rehabilitation takes place (Cnaan, Blankertz, Messinger & Gardner, 1988; King, Lloyd & Meehan, 2007). Less objective than the biomedical model, psychosocial rehabilitation focuses on the subjective experience of recovery and wellness, that is, the presence of signs and symptoms may not necessarily align with the individual’s sense of self and wellness. (i) Empowerment/disempowerment of the patient A persistent criticism of the biomedical model is the assertion that the patient is disempowered. Firstly, the nature of the doctor-patient relationship suggests that the patient is a passive recipient of treatment; the patient is reduced to a diagnosis, and offered diagnosis-specific treatment options. The role of personal choice exists, however in a limited capacity. Secondly, the ideology underpinning the biomedical model assumes disease to be a deviation from the biological norm, with illness understood in terms of causation and remediation (Deacon, 2013; Shah & Mountain, 2007; Engel, 1977). This perspective assumes the existence of some underlying pathological cause for symptoms and behaviour, and focuses on objective indicators of recovery (King et al., 2007). The implications of this perspective are that the patient cannot, from his own resources, do anything to ameliorate his illness, and to affect any change in his behaviour, he must adhere to diagnosis-specific treatment se t out by the psychiatrist. It is argued that the ways in which a patient can be disempowered by a psychiatric diagnosis (stigma, forced hospitalisation, long-term pharmacotherapy etc.) far outweigh any benefits they might receive (Callard, Bracken, David & Sartorius, 2013). Comparatively, recovery within the framework of psychosocial rehabilitation is widely considered to be empowering for consumers of mental health services (Shah & Mountain, 2007; Callard et al., 2013). Two key principles of psychosocial rehabilitation are an emphasis on a social rather than medical model of care, and on the patient’s strengths rather than pathologies (King et al., 2007). Similar to the doctor-patient relationship of the biomedical model, there exists a relationship between patients,  caregivers and clinicians in the psychosocial framework. The emphasis however is on the formation of a therapeutic alliance (King et al., 2007) in which recovery is owned by the patient, with professionals and services facilitating this ownership (Mountain & Shah, 2008). The aim of psychosocial rehabilitation is for the patient to have self-determination over their illness and health, and a fulfilled sense of self despite the possible continuation of symptoms (Barber, 2012). This is in stark contrast to the biomedical model in which illness is managed by the practitioner, and health is hallmarked by the absence of symptoms and disease (Wade & Halligan, 2004). The psychosocial perspective must also be considered in terms of its potential limitations. By placing an emphasis on self-determination and self-management of mental illness and wellbeing, there runs a parallel risk of instilling a sense of responsibility or blame within the patient when less than desirable health outcomes occur. This is of particular relevance in mental health settings, where poor health outcomes are unfortunately, likely (Deacon, 2013). In the biomedical model, the psychiatrist would offer some small consolation to the patient in the form of shouldering the bulk of the responsibility. With regard to empowerment of the patient, this notion of ‘care’ versus ‘cure’ suggests that the biomedical model of care and psychosocial rehabilitation are two competing models of care that are divorced from one another. They are not, however, mutually exclusive, and it is worth noting that contemporary definitions of the biomedical model at least attempt to consider the incorporation of recovery-based treatment approaches (Barber, 2012; Mountain & Shah, 2008; Wade & Halligan, 2004). It has been suggested that modern day doctor-patient relationships are far more aligned with the nature of the psychosocial therapeutic alliance, founded on engagement and the recognition of skills and knowledge of each partner (Mountain & Shah, 2008). Specifically in a mental health setting, it might be argued that the biomedical model parts ways with psychosocial rehabilitation by use of compulsion (Mountain & Shah, 2008). The intent behind much of today’s mental health legislation is guided by the ideologies of the biomedical model. This  results in patients with a psychiatric diagnosis being frequently disempowered, by having their right to self-determination overridden by legal powers of compulsion (Thomas, Bracken & Timimi, 2012). Despite a shift towards self-determination by the biomedical model, mental health patients may be forced to accept treatment against their wishes. In opposition to this, the psychosocial framework favours a community-based, ‘case-managed’ style of care (King et al., 2007), which seeks to empower the patient and maintain independence. (i) Implications for nursing practice The medical model is a useful framework to assist the psychiatrist in the identification of disorders and diseases. However, scientists have identified neither a biological cause nor a reliable biomarker for any mental disorder (Deacon, 2013), and arguably, most mental disorders have their origin and impact in a social context (McAllister & Moyle, 2008). Therefore, the validity of the biomedical model as a nursing model of care in mental health settings must be questioned. The all-encompassing nature of the care delivery required by a psychosocial framework may, at times, appear to be at odds with more ‘traditional’ concepts of nursing. It is understood that the biomedical model is the model on which many nurses base their practice. It is also the model that has long dominated the field of psychiatry (Stickley & Timmons, 2007), despite a plethora of literature espousing the importance of the interpersonal domain and psychosocial factors. Findings from a study by Carlyle, Crowe & Deering (2012) showed that mental health nurses working in an inpatient setting described the role of mental health services, the role of the nurse and nursing interventions in terms of supporting a medical model of care. This was despite recognition amongst the nurses that they used a psychodynamic framework for understanding the aetiology of mental distress, as being a result of interpersonal factors. The problems with the use of the biomedical model in mental health nursing are varied. The overriding goal of the biomedical model is cure, and  therefore nurses that base their practice on it must also aim for this outcome. This is obviously troublesome for a speciality that treats disorders that may not have a definable cause, and typically have poor outcomes (Deacon, 2013). Regarding ‘care’ versus ‘cure’, the challenge for nurses working in mental health settings where their practice is underpinned by the medical model, is the inability to achieve the outcome of care that they believe to be appropriate, that is, a cure (Pearson, Vaughan & FitzGerald, 2005). In terms of the provision of nursing care, the biomedical model’s focus on disease and the objective categorisation of people by disease can serve to depersonalise patients and so too, the nursing care provided to them (Pearson et al., 2005). It may well be argued that the biomedical model devalues the role of the nurse, because the humanistic side to care is diminished in favour of a medical diagnosis and cure. Overall, the ideals of mental health nursing practice are constrained by the biomedical model (McAllister & Moyle, 2008), however, nurses feel comfortable using this model to explain their practice, in the absence of a defined alternative. Psychosocial rehabilitation as an alternative to the biomedical model not only has positive implications for consumers of mental health services but also to the nurses who provide their care (Stickley & Timmons, 2007). Indeed, a wealth of literature supports a shift from the medical model to a recovery-based, psychosocial approach (Engel, 1977; Barber, 2012; Caldwell, Sclafani, Swarbrick & Piren, 2010; Mountain & Shah, 2008). In contrast to the biomedical model, the nurse-patient therapeutic alliance is at the core of the psychosocial framework (King et al., 2007). In this way, the role of the nurse moves away from being task-focused, to actively developing, coordinating and implementing strategies to facilitate the recovery process (Caldwell et al., 2010). Additionally, this model of care strongly aligns with nursing perceptions of their role as care providers, their beliefs regarding the aetiology of mental disorders, and their attitudes towards best practice (McAllister & Moyle, 2 008; Carlyle et al., 2012). (i) Outcomes Generally, the biomedical model has been associated with vast improvements in medical care throughout the 20th century. Despite its persistent dominance of both policy and practice, the biomedical model in regards to the delivery of mental health care is characterised by a lack of clinical innovation and poor outcomes (Deacon, 2013). It does, however, have its redeeming qualities. The primary strength of the biomedical model is its core knowledge base derived from objective scientific experiment, its intuitive appeal, and relevance to many disease-based illnesses (Pearson et al., 2005; Wade & Halligan, 2004). Evidence-based medicine allows the psychiatrist to access objective evidence about the safety and effectiveness of their interventions (Thomas et al., 2012). Shah & Mountain (2007) argue that the model’s rigorous methods used to gather evidence that have resulted in numerous effective psychopharmacological treatments, cannot be translated in helping to identify which spec ific elements of psychosocial treatments are effective. This assertion is evidenced by a study documenting the efficacy of a psychosocial rehabilitation programme (Chowdur, Dhariti, Kalyanasundaram, & Suryanarayana, 2011) in patients with severe and persisting mental illness. The study showed significant improvement for all participants across a range of parameters used to measure levels of functioning. However, the results did not reveal the specific effects of various components of the rehabilitation programme, making it difficult to isolate each component and to study its effect. Regardless, the overall benefits of psychosocial rehabilitation should not be ignored simply due to study limitations. Despite the biomedical model’s rigorous study methods and evidence-based core, tangible signs of progress are few and far between. Indeed, the biomedical approach has failed to elucidate the very biological basis of mental disorder, and also failed to reduce stigma (Deacon, 2013; Schomerus et al., 2012). Kvaale, Haslam & Gottdiener (2013) determined that biogenetic explanations for psychological illnesses increase ‘prognostic pessimism’ and perceptions of dangerousness, and do little to reduce stigma. This conclusion has obvious implications in a society where the layperson’s, and in fact, nursing student’s understanding of mental illness is a biogenetic, ‘medicalised’ one (Kvaale et al., 2013; Stickley & Timmons, 2007). In  contrast, psychosocial rehabilitation programmes may have the effect of reducing stigma. As previously discussed, psychosocial rehabilitation is underpinned by an ideology that seeks to empower the patient. Research has shown that empowerment and self-stigma are opposite poles on a continuum (Rà ¼sch, Angermeyer & Corrigan, 2005). By enhancing the patient’s sense of self, insight, societal roles, and basic self-care functions (King et al., 2007), psychosocial rehabilitation programmes have the ability to reduce the negative effects of stigma. In a study particular to patients with schizophrenia (Koukia & Madianos, 2005), caregivers and relatives reported lower levels of objective and subjective burden when the patient was engaged in a psychosocial rehabilitation programme. In their exploration into the validity of evidence-based medicine in psychiatry, Thomas et al. (2012) differentiate between specific factors (e.g. pharmacological interventions targeting specific neurotransmitter imbalances), and non-specific factors (e.g. contexts, values, meanings and relationships). They determined that non-specific factors are far more important in relation to positive outcomes, which would support a psychosocial approach. In recent years, public opinion and policy has become more aligned with the recovery model, evidenced by the wealth of literature echoing Engel’s (1977) proposition of a ‘new medical model’ founded on a biopsychosocial approach. Recently, the Australian Government Department of Health acknowledged the positive outcomes associated with a recovery-based model, and released the National framework for recovery-oriented mental health services (2013). Despite their ideological differences, psychosocial rehabilitation need not be viewed as the antithesis to the biomedical model, with literature suggesting a degree of compatibility between the two that is becoming more apparent in the modern delivery of mental health care (Barber, 2012; Mountain & Shah, 2008; Shah & Mountain, 2007). Conclusion Recent years have seen significant changes in the perceptions of mental illness, and the provision of mental health services that are available. The  move towards community-based care, psychosocial rehabilitation programmes, and empowerment of the patient through self-determination has been accompanied by a growth in research, and positive outcomes for mental health consumers. Despite this progress, modern mental health care is still largely dominated by the biomedical model. Whilst contemporary interpretations of the psychiatric biomedical model recognise the value of social and psychological factors, they appear to do so in a way that relegates those factors to an order below that of biological factors. This occurs in the absence of any definable biological causes for mental disorders (Deacon, 2013). A contemporary model is required in modern mental health services. Indeed, Barber (2012) suggests that recovery should be thought of as the ‘new medical model for psychiatry. Psychosocial rehabilitation is associated with improved objective and subjective patient outcomes, and emphasises the role of the nurse. As observed by Engel (1977), the dogmatism of biomedicine inadvertently results in the frustration of patients who believe their genuine health needs are being inadequately met. True incorporation of a biopsychosocial approach into modern mental health care, would create a framework for consistent positive outcomes, and limitless innovation. REFERENCES Barber, M. (2012). Recovery as the new medical model for psychiatry. Psychiatric Services, 63(3), 277-279. Caldwell, B., Sclafani, M., Swarbrick, M., & Piren, K. (2010). Psychiatric nursing practice and the recovery model of care. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing, 48(7), 42-48. Callard, F., Bracken, P., David, A., & Sartorius, N. (2013). Has psychiatric diagnosis labelled rather than enabled patients? The British Medical Journal, 347, doi: 10.1136/bmj.f4312 Carlyle, D., Crowe, M., & Deering, D. (2012). Models of care delivery in mental health nursing: a mixed method study. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 19, 221-230. Chowdur, R., Dharitri, R., Kalyanasundaram, S., & Suryanarayana, R. (2011). Efficacy of psychosocial rehabilitation program: the RFS experience. The Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 53(1), 45-48. Cnaan, R., Blankertz, L., Messinger, K., & Gardner, J. (1988). Psychosocial rehabilitation: toward a definition. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 11(4), 61-77. Deacon, B. (2013). The biomedical model of mental disorder: a critical analysis of its validity, utility, and effects on psychotherapy research. Clinical Psychology Review 33, 846-861. Department of Health. (2013). National framework for recovery-oriented mental health services. Canberra, Australia: Australian Health Minister’s Advisory Council. Engel, G. (1977). The need for a new medical model: a challenge for biomedicine. Science, 196, 129-136. Harding, C. (2005). Changes in schizophrenia across time: paradoxes, patterns, and predictors. In L. Davidson, C. Harding, & L. Spaniol (Eds.), Recovery From Severe Mental Illnesses: Research Evidence and Implications for Practice (pp. 19-41). Boston: Centre for Psychiatric Rehabilitation. King, R., Lloyd, C., & Meehan, T. (2007). Handbook of psychosocial rehabilitation. Carlton, VIC: Blackwell Publishing. Koukia, E., & Madianos, M.G. (2005). Is psychosocial rehabilitation of schizophrenic patients preventing family burden? A comparative study. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 12, 415-422. Kvaale, E., Haslam, N., & Gottdiener, W. The ‘side effects’ of medicalisation: a meta-analytic review of how biogenetic explanations affect stigma. Clinical Psychology Review, 33, 782-794. McAllister, M., & Moyle, W. (2008). An exploration of mental health nursing models of care in a Queensland psychiatric hospital. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 17, 18-26. Mountain, D., & Shah, P. (2008). Recovery and the medical model. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, 14, 241-244. Pearson, A., Vaughan, B., & FitzGerald, M. (2005). Nursing models for practice. Sydney, NSW: Elsevier. Rà ¼sch, N., Angermeyer, M., & Corrigan, P. (2005). Mental illness stigma: concepts, consequences, and initiatives to reduce stigma. European Psychiatry, 20, 529-539. Schomerus, G., Schwahn, C., Holzinger, A., Corrigan, P., Grabe, H., & Carta, M. (2012). Evolution about public attitudes of mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 125, 440-452. Shah, P., & Mountain, D. (2007). The medical model is dead – long live the medical model. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 191, 375-377. Stickley, T., & Timmons, S. (2007). Considering alternatives: student nurses slipping directly from lay beliefs to the medical model of mental illness. Nurse Education Today, 27, 155-161. Thomas, P., Bracken, P., & Timimi, S. (2012). The anomalies of evidence-based medicine in psychiatry: time to rethink the basis of mental health practice. Mental Health Review Journal. Wade, D., & Halligan, P. (2004). Do biomedical models of illness make for good healthcare systems? The British Medical Journal, 329, 1398-1401.

The Reasons For And Against Making Pornography Illegal

Shannon Levy†¨Phil2630 MWF- 11:15-12:05†¨Ã¢â‚¬Å"Weigh the reasons for and against making pornography illegal.† â€Å"The only thing pornography is known to cause directly is the solitary act of masturbation. As for corruption, the only immediate victim is english prose† - Gore Vidal. There are many reasons for or against the ban on pornography, some argue that porn is addictive, creates unrealistic expectations of sex and additionally may lead to a more demoralizing or violent nature towards woman. On the contrary, in regards to the previously sated quote, Gore argues that no actual harm can come from pornography and therefore there is no rightful reason for it to be illegal; Nadine Storssen argues that there is no sound evidence on whether or not pornography leads to the formerly stated behaviors, some have even found that porn suppresses sexual violence, it is also questioned whether or not laws against pornographic content would successfully stop the huge industry sexual content. While there is no true answer, both sides to this debate have compelling evidence for their respective b eliefs. Since the start of the internet, sexually explicit material has been easily accessible and mostly free or at a very low price. Statistically, on a global scale, those whom have been treated for a sex addiction are most commonly being treated for an addiction to internet pornography. Pornography is considered a stimulus, which results in pleasurable feelings, similar to drugs, alcohol andShow MoreRelatedThe Issue Of Cyber Security1233 Words   |  5 PagesSecurity is a vital issue in Homeland Security. Today, more and more people are using the Internet, which is increasing the amount of cyber attacks. Child Pornography is a major concern within the United States. 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